link Source: www.coursera.org
list 12 sequences
assignment Level : Introductory
chat_bubble_outline Language : Chinese
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timer 36 hours in total

About the content

“悖论”(paradox)指思维中深层次的矛盾,并且是难解的矛盾。它们是巨大且艰深的理智难题,以触目惊心的形式向我们展示了:我们的看似合理、有效的“共识”、“前提”、“推理规则”在某些地方出了问题,我们思维中最基本的概念、原理、原则在某些地方潜藏着风险。悖论对人类理智构成严重挑战,并在人类的认知发展和科学发展中起重要作用。 本课程将讲授历史上已经提出的一些著名悖论,涉及的论题有:一些扰人的二难困境;模糊性:连锁悖论;芝诺悖论和无穷之迷;逻辑-数学悖论;语义悖论;休谟问题和归纳悖论;认知悖论;合理行动和决策的悖论;道德悖论;中国古代文化中的悖论;对于悖论的进一步思考,如此等等。 我认为,大学里应该传授两类知识:一类知识“实实在在”,另一类知识“奇奇怪怪”。 学习第一类知识后,你能够成为此类知识的使用者和传播者,成为社会所需要的合格的劳动者,能够直接在企事业单位就业,也为自己谋一份体面而有尊严的生活。 学习第二类知识,则有助于打破你的思维定势,开拓你的理智空间,激发你的理智好奇心,使你养成独立思考的习惯,培养一种健康、温和的怀疑主义态度,培养一种宽容和接纳的文明态度,能够成为民主社会中独立自主、理性负责的公民,经进一步深造后,有可能成为知识的创造者和生产者,成为各行各业中的精英人物。 “悖论”(paradox)典型地属于“奇奇怪怪”的知识。

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Syllabus

  • Week 1 - 预备知识和悖论概述
     
  • Week 2 - 上帝悖论和连锁悖论
     
  • Week 3 - 芝诺悖论和无穷之谜
     
  • Week 4 - 逻辑-集合论悖论和语义悖论
     
  • Week 5 - 语义悖论、归纳悖论和认知悖论
     
  • Week 6 - 各种认知悖论
     
  • Week 7 - 认知悖论和合理行动悖论
     
  • Week 8 - 道德悖论和中国古代悖论
     
  • Week 9 - 中国古代悖论
     
  • Week 10 - 关于悖论的进一步思考
     
  • Week 11 - 拓展材料:研讨会实录及学生报告
     
  • Week 12 - 期末考试
     
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Instructors

陈波
教授
哲学系

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Content Designer

Peking University
Peking University is determined to make its education openly accessible to students in China and around the world. With over 3000 faculty members, Peking University offers excellence in teaching and learning. Founded in 1898, Peking University (PKU) was the first national comprehensive university in China. For the past 115 years, with its hundreds of thousands of outstanding alumni, Peking University has made prominent contributions in the humanities and sciences to further China's prosperity and progress.
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Platform

Coursera

Coursera is a digital company offering massive open online course founded by computer teachers Andrew Ng and Daphne Koller Stanford University, located in Mountain View, California. 

Coursera works with top universities and organizations to make some of their courses available online, and offers courses in many subjects, including: physics, engineering, humanities, medicine, biology, social sciences, mathematics, business, computer science, digital marketing, data science, and other subjects.

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